DS1340 查看數據表（PDF） - Dallas Semiconductor -> Maxim Integrated

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DS1340

I2C RTC with Trickle Charger

Dallas Semiconductor -> Maxim Integrated 

I2C RTC with Trickle Charger

SDA

MSB

SLAVE ADDRESS

R/W

DIRECTION

BIT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

SIGNAL FROM RECEIVER

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

SIGNAL FROM RECEIVER

SCL

START

CONDITION

1

2

6

7

8

9

ACK

Figure 7. I2C Data Transfer Overview

1

2

3–7

8

9

ACK

REPEATED IF MORE BYTES

ARE TRANSFERED

STOP

CONDITION

OR REPEATED

START

CONDITION

Bits 6 to 0: All other bits in the flag register read as 0

and cannot be written.

Clock Calibration

The DS1340 provides a digital clock calibration feature

to allow compensation for crystal and temperature vari-

ations. The calibration circuit adds or subtracts counts

from the oscillator divider chain at the divide-by-256

stage. The number of pulses blanked (subtracted for

negative calibration) or inserted (added for positive cal-

ibration) depends upon the value loaded into the five

calibration bits (CAL4–CAL0) located in the control reg-

ister. Adding counts speeds the clock up and subtract-

ing counts slows the clock down.

The calibration bits can be set to any value between 0

and 31 in binary form. Bit 5 of the control register, S, is

the sign bit. A value of 1 for the S bit indicates positive

calibration, while a value of 0 represents negative cali-

bration. Calibration occurs within a 64-minute cycle.

The first 62 minutes in the cycle can, once per minute,

have a one-second interval where the calibration is per-

formed. Negative calibration blanks 128 cycles of the

32,768Hz oscillator, slowing the clock down. Positive

calibration inserts 256 cycles of the 32,768Hz oscillator,

speeding the clock up. If a binary 1 is loaded into the

calibration bits, only the first two minutes in the 64-

minute cycle are modified. If a binary 6 is loaded, the

first 12 minutes are affected, and so on. Therefore,

each calibration step either adds 512 or subtracts 256

oscillator cycles for every 125,829,120 actual 32,678Hz

oscillator cycles (64 minutes). This equates to

+4.068ppm or -2.034ppm of adjustment per calibration

step. If the oscillator runs at exactly 32,768Hz, each of

the 31 increments of the calibration bits would repre-

sent +10.7 or -5.35 seconds per month, corresponding

to +5.5 or -2.75 minutes per month.

For example, if using the FT function, a reading of

512.01024Hz would indicate a +20ppm oscillator fre-

quency error, requiring a -10(00 1010) value to be

loaded in the S bit and the five calibration bits.

Note: Setting the calibration bits does not affect the fre-

quency test output frequency. Also note that writing to

the control register resets the divider chain.

I2C Serial Data Bus

The DS1340 supports a bidirectional I2C bus and data

transmission protocol. A device that sends data onto

the bus is defined as a transmitter and a device receiv-

ing data as a receiver. The device that controls the

message is called a master. The devices that are con-

trolled by the master are slaves. A master device that

generates the serial clock (SCL), controls the bus

access, and generates the START and STOP condi-

tions must control the bus. The DS1340 operates as a

slave on the I2C bus. Connections to the bus are made

through the open-drain I/O lines SDA and SCL. Within

the bus specifications a standard mode (100kHz max

clock rate) and a fast mode (400kHz max clock rate)

are defined. The DS1340 works in both modes.

The following bus protocol has been defined (Figure 7):

• Data transfer can be initiated only when the bus is

not busy.

• During data transfer, the data line must remain

stable whenever the clock line is high. Changes in

the data line while the clock line is high are inter-

preted as control signals.

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